If you’ve been scheduled for retinal surgery, you’re likely feeling a mix of emotions—uncertainty, concern, maybe even relief that a plan is in place. Whether it’s to treat a retinal detachment, macular hole, or other serious eye condition, surgery can be an important step toward preserving or restoring vision.
This guide is designed to help you understand what to expect before, during, and after the procedure so you can feel more confident and informed.
Why Retinal Surgery Is Recommended
Retinal surgery is often recommended when the retina—the delicate tissue at the back of the eye responsible for vision—is damaged or at risk. Some of the most common reasons include:
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Retinal detachment
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Macular hole or pucker
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Vitreous hemorrhage
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Diabetic retinopathy complications
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Epiretinal membranes
These conditions may threaten central or peripheral vision if not addressed promptly. Your retina specialist will recommend surgery when they believe it offers the best chance at preserving or improving sight.
Common Types of Retinal Surgery
Depending on your diagnosis, your surgeon may use one or more of the following techniques:
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Vitrectomy: Removes the vitreous gel to allow better access to the retina and treat bleeding, traction, or scar tissue
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Scleral buckle: A small band is placed around the eye to gently push the retina back into place
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Laser surgery or cryopexy: Used to seal retinal tears or holes
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Gas or silicone oil injection: Used to help flatten a detached retina during healing
Each surgery is customized to the patient’s condition and the location and severity of the issue.
What to Expect Before Surgery
You’ll likely have a preoperative visit where your doctor will:
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Review your eye scans and finalize the surgical plan
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Go over your medical history and any medications
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Provide instructions about eating, drinking, and medications before surgery
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Answer any remaining questions you have
You may need to stop blood thinners or arrange transportation, since retinal surgery is usually performed on an outpatient basis under local anesthesia with sedation.
Preparing at Home
Being ready at home can make recovery smoother. Before surgery:
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Arrange for someone to drive you to and from your appointment
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Set up a clean, comfortable space for recovery
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Prepare meals or plan for easy food access
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Review any postoperative positioning instructions—some patients must stay in a face-down position for healing
Having these steps in place ahead of time helps reduce stress and supports healing.
The Day of Surgery
On the day of your procedure:
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Wear loose, comfortable clothing
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Do not wear makeup, lotion, or contact lenses
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Bring a list of your medications and emergency contacts
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Follow all preoperative fasting instructions carefully
Surgery length varies, but most retinal procedures take one to two hours. You’ll likely go home the same day unless otherwise advised.
Managing Expectations
It’s important to go into retinal surgery with realistic expectations. While many patients experience vision improvement, the primary goal of surgery is often to prevent further loss rather than restore perfect sight. Factors such as how long the retina has been detached or how advanced the disease is can affect outcomes.
Some vision changes may take weeks or even months to stabilize. Your doctor will explain what kind of improvement is likely for your specific case and what warning signs to watch for during healing.
Possible Risks and Complications
As with any surgery, there are some risks involved. These may include:
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Infection
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Bleeding
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Increased eye pressure
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Cataract development
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Recurrence of retinal detachment
Although serious complications are rare, understanding them ahead of time allows you to respond quickly if symptoms arise. Let your care team know immediately if you experience intense pain, sudden vision changes, or unusual discharge.
Recovery and Postoperative Care
After surgery, you’ll be sent home with instructions specific to your procedure. These may include:
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Using medicated eye drops to reduce inflammation and prevent infection
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Wearing an eye shield to protect the area, especially while sleeping
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Maintaining a specific head position, especially if a gas bubble was used to keep the retina in place
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Avoiding certain activities like lifting heavy objects, bending over, or flying (if gas was used)
It’s very important to follow your doctor’s instructions closely, as proper healing depends on these guidelines.
Emotional Preparation and Support
Retinal surgery is not just a physical journey—it can be emotional as well. Some patients worry about being unable to work or drive during recovery. Others feel anxious about the outcome or the idea of surgery on such a delicate part of the body.
Give yourself time to adjust. Don’t hesitate to talk to your doctor or support network about how you’re feeling. Sometimes, speaking with others who have been through similar procedures can help ease anxiety and offer practical tips.
Questions to Ask Before Surgery
It’s a good idea to write down any questions you have ahead of your pre-op appointment. Consider asking:
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What exactly is being repaired during this procedure?
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How long will recovery take?
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Will I need a follow-up surgery?
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What symptoms are normal, and what should I report right away?
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When can I return to work or resume daily activities?
Feeling informed helps you feel more in control of the process and gives you a better sense of what lies ahead.
Staying Involved in Your Care
Being an active participant in your eye health doesn’t stop at surgery. Make sure to attend all follow-up appointments and keep a log of any vision changes or discomfort. Healing is gradual, and your doctor may adjust your care based on how your eye is responding.
Following up allows for early detection of any post-surgical complications and gives you the best chance at optimal outcomes.
Final Thoughts
Retinal surgery can sound intimidating, but preparation makes a big difference. By understanding your condition, asking the right questions, and setting up your home and schedule for a smooth recovery, you give yourself the best shot at healing well.
While no two surgical journeys are exactly alike, one thing remains true—knowledge is empowering. If surgery is recommended for you, take the time to prepare not just physically, but emotionally and practically. Support, patience, and good planning can help ease the experience and set the stage for the best possible results.
